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- WORLD, Page 30Following an Independent Course
-
-
- Breaking his silence, Syria's Assad talks about Arafat,
- Khomeini and hostages
-
- By Hafez Assad, Karsten Prager, John F. Stacks, Dean Fischer,
- David S. Jackson
-
-
- His troops are mired in the unending civil war in Lebanon,
- where 13 Western hostages are being held. Against his wishes,
- P.L.O. Chairman Yasser Arafat has recognized Israel's right to
- exist. The U.S. and Britain chastise him for harboring a
- Palestinian guerrilla group, some of whose members are leading
- suspects in the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103. Yet Syria's wily
- President Hafez Assad appeared unruffled and even jovial last
- week, as he maneuvered through the region's perilous political
- landscape for three hours in a rare interview with TIME
- Assistant Managing Editors Karsten Prager and John F. Stacks,
- Cairo bureau chief Dean Fischer and correspondent David S.
- Jackson. Excerpts:
-
- Q. Do the Palestinian uprising and the U.S.-P.L.O. dialogue
- increase Syria's isolation from the rest of the Arab world?
-
- A. No. We don't see any linkage. In the conflict between
- the Arabs and the Israelis, relations cannot be described in
- terms of isolation or non-isolation. Syria could have opened the
- door to discussions with Israel, and Israel would have welcomed
- that. Egypt extended its hand in the past, but when Anwar Sadat
- visited Jerusalem, it did not affect our policy toward Israel.
- No other separate action will have that effect.
-
- Q. You have criticized Yasser Arafat for pursuing a policy
- of concessions. But in light of the U.S.-P.L.O. dialogue, hasn't
- his policy helped the peace process?
-
- A. We are interested in a just peace. So far, we have not
- seen a thing to convince us that Arafat has brought peace
- nearer.
-
- Q. If Arafat produced results, would you admit you were
- wrong?
-
- A. No. Our position toward the Palestinian cause did not
- begin with the creation of the P.L.O. We believe Israel has
- aspirations beyond Palestinian territory. Israel aspires to the
- establishment of a state from the Nile to the Euphrates.
-
- Q. The Israelis think Syria has expansionist aims.
-
- A. Our aspiration is to create pan-Arab unity from
- Mauritania to the gulf. Arabs have a common language and
- history. You can scarcely find a family in Lebanon that does not
- have relatives in Syria. We are one people. But Israel is
- another story. The Israelis are an alien people with another
- heritage and another history.
-
- Q. Has Syria learned anything about the hostages in Lebanon?
-
- A. First, we do not know their location. Second, we don't
- know who the kidnapers are. Any miscalculation in approaching
- this matter may result in the death of hostages rather than in
- saving their lives. In the past, a number of our soldiers were
- killed in attempts to find the hostages, but despite that we
- could not find them. A number of hostages have been released
- with our help, but we could not help all of them. We hope in the
- future our efforts will help all of them as it has helped those
- in the past.
-
- Q. Doesn't Syria's sponsorship of organizations such as the
- Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command
- (P.F.L.P.-G.C.), which is suspected in the Pan Am bombing, hurt
- your image around the world?
-
- A. Suspicions don't affect our positions. If people judged
- one another based only on suspicions, we would see a new world
- war break out every day just on the basis of suspicions. Nobody
- can prove P.F.L.P.-G.C. involvement in the matter. No one has
- any evidence. If there is something new in the matter, whoever
- produces it, we hope he will let us know about it.
-
- Q. Then what would you do?
-
- A. If the one who has committed that action is on our
- territory, he will be held accountable, and he will be brought
- to judgment. If it is proved that this action comes from the
- leadership of the P.F.L.P.-G.C., then we will deal with this
- matter at that time. We must distinguish between an individual
- action and an official action. I find it extremely unlikely that
- the P.F.L.P.-G.C. can be behind this action, because this group
- more than any other concentrates its activities totally on the
- occupied territories.
-
- Q. What is Syria's position on Ayatullah Khomeini's death
- sentence against Salman Rushdie?
-
- A. I am not a clergyman or a judge. Ayatullah Khomeini is
- a believer, a Muslim holy man. What he says relies on Islamic
- principles and rules he believes in. He discusses matters in
- ways different from the way you and I discuss issues. There are
- Islamic provisions which apply to cases like that of Rushdie.
- But irrespective of other issues, Rushdie as a human being is
- a bad fellow, and his behavior provokes suspicion.
-
- Q. Is Syria prepared to allow Egypt to be re-admitted to
- the Arab League, and also to restore diplomatic relations with
- Egypt?
-
- A. (Laughing) What have you left for the Arab summit
- conference to deal with? For the time being, our situation with
- Egypt can be termed positive. But regarding our position on
- whether or not Egypt should re-enter the Arab League, this is
- going to be discussed at the Arab summit conference. At that
- time, we will express our opinion.
-
- Q. Do you expect Syria to restore diplomatic relations with
- Egypt?
-
- A. This is a very premature question.
-
- Q. When you were an air force pilot, you had a classmate by
- the name of Hosni Mubarak.
-
- A. I liked Hosni Mubarak the officer.
-
- Q. But not Hosni Mubarak the Egyptian President?
-
- A. We were on good terms. We spoke the same language, the
- language of pilots.
-
- Q. Are you not speaking the same language anymore?
-
- A. We are still speaking the same language, but neither of
- us is hearing the other.
-
- Q. Perhaps you will speak the same language again.
-
- A. I am sure we will.
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